@inproceedings{7707fee7a9e940ecae77b8b40755c588,
title = "An analysis of indirect water withdrawal and consumption in automotive manufacturing facilities",
abstract = "Water is a key resource for all life. Recent droughts have also exemplified the importance for manufacturers to understand their impact on water resources. While most manufacturers typically know the amount of water they use in their facilities, they have little knowledge about the indirect effects they have on water resources. In this paper, the indirect impact from electricity use by automakers on water resources is examined. Water withdrawal and consumption from electricity use by hypothetical but representative facilities around the world is quantified and analyzed. The results indicate that the water withdrawal and consumption caused by the use of electricity is larger than the direct water use and consumption in the facilities themselves.",
keywords = "Automotive, Consumption, Electricity, Water withdrawal",
author = "Bert Bras and Andrew Carlile",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.; 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Design and Manufacturing, SDM 2016 ; Conference date: 04-04-2016 Through 06-04-2016",
year = "2016",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-32098-4\_18",
language = "English",
isbn = "9783319320960",
series = "Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies",
publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",
pages = "203--213",
editor = "Rossi Setchi and Ying Liu and Peter Theobald and Howlett, \{Robert J.\} and Howlett, \{Robert J.\}",
booktitle = "Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2016",
address = "Germany",
}