Estimating continuous-coverage instantaneous precipitation rates using remotely sensed and ground-based measurements

This study demonstrates a method of temporally and spatially scaling precipitation rates at low probability of precipitation-rate exceedance levels (e.g., 0.1%) from coarser-resolution global datasets to nearinstantaneous localized rain gauge precipitation rates. In particular, the 8-km-, 1-h-resolutionClimate Prediction Center Morphing (CMORPH) dataset was scaled to 1-min localized rates using the Automated Surface Observing Station (ASOS) rain gauge data. Maps of these scaled precipitation rates show overall patterns and magnitudes that are nearly identical to the lower-spatial-resolution rain gauge maps yet retain the much higher resolution of the original remotely sensed global dataset, which is particularly important over regions of complex geography and sparse surface observing stations. To scale the CMORPH data, temporal and spatial conversion factor arrays were calculated by comparing precipitation rates at different temporal (ASOS 1-min and 1-h) and spatial (ASOS 1-h andCMORPH1-h) resolutions. These temporal and spatial conversion factors were found to vary by probability level, season, and climatological region. Meteorological implications of these variations are discussed.