High-resolution temperature profiling in the 5 Chamber: variability of statistical properties of temperature fluctuations

This study delves into the small-scale temperature structure inside the turbulent convection 5 Chamber under three temperature differences (10, 15, and 20 K) at Rayleigh number Ra ∼ 10⁹ and Prandtl number Pr ≈ 0.7. We performed high-frequency measurements (2 kHz) with the UltraFast Thermometer (UFT) at selected points along the vertical axis. The miniaturized design of the sensor with a resistive platinum-coated tungsten wire, 2.5 µm thick and 3 mm long, mounted on a miniature wire probe, allowed for vertically undisturbed temperature profiling through the chamber’s depth spanning from 8 cm above the bottom to 5 cm below the top. The collected data, consisting of 19 and 3 min time series, were used to investigate the variability of the temperature field within the chamber, aiming to better address scientific questions related to its primary objective: understanding small-scale aerosol–cloud interactions. The analyses reveal substantial variability in both variance and skewness of temperature distributions near the top and bottom plates and in the bulk (central) region, which were linked to local thermal plume dynamics. We also identified three spectral regimes termed “inertial range” (slopes of ∼ −7/5), “transition range” (slopes of ∼ −3), and “dissipative range”, characterized by slopes of ∼ −7. Furthermore, the analysis showed a power law relationship between the periodicity of large-scale circulation (LSC) and the temperature difference. Notably, the experimental results are in good agreement with direct numerical simulation (DNS) conducted under similar thermodynamic conditions, illustrating a comparative analysis of this nature.