Impact of ocean circulation on regional polar climate simulations using the Arctic region climate system model

Global climate models have pointed to the polar regions as very sensitive areas in response to climate change. However, these models often do not contain representations of processes peculiar to the polar regions such as dynamic sea ice, permafrost, and Arctic stratus clouds. Further, global models do not have the resolution necessary to model accurately many of the important processes and feedbacks. Thus, there is a need for regional climate models of higher resolution. One such model (ARCSyM) has been developed by A. Lynch and W. Chapman. This model incorporates the NCAR Regional Climate Model (RegCM2) with the addition of Flato-Hibler cavitating fluid sea-ice dynamics and Parkinson-Washington ice thermodynamic formulation. Recently work has been conducted to couple a mixed-layer ocean to the atmosphere-ice model, and a three-dimensional (3-D) dynamical ocean model, in this case the S-Coordinate Primitive Equation Model (SPEM), to the ice model. Simulations including oceanic circulation will allow investigations of the feedbacks involved in fresh-water runoff from sea-ice melt and sea-ice transport. Further, it is shown that the definition of the mixed-layer depth has significant impact on ice thermodynamics.