The effect of carbon dioxide cooling on trends in the F2-layer ionosphere

Liying Qian; Alan G. Burns; Stanley C. Solomon; Raymond G. Roble

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2009.03.006

The effect of carbon dioxide cooling on trends in the F2-layer ionosphere

Liying Qian, Alan G. Burns, Stanley C. Solomon, Raymond G. Roble

National Center for Atmospheric Research

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

48 Scopus citations

Abstract

The effect of carbon dioxide (CO₂) cooling on trends of h_mF₂ and N_mF₂ are investigated using a coupled thermosphere and ionosphere general circulation model. Model simulations indicate that CO₂ cooling not only causes contraction of the upper atmosphere and changes of neutral and ion composition but also changes dynamics and electrodynamics in the thermosphere/ionosphere. These changes determine the altitude dependence of ionospheric trends and complex latitudinal, longitudinal, diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle variations of trends of h_mF₂ and N_mF₂. Under the CO₂ cooling effect, trends of N_mF₂ are negative with magnitude from 0% to ∼-40% for doubled CO₂, depending on location, local time, season, and solar activity. The corresponding trends of h_mF₂ are mostly negative with a magnitude from 0 to -40 km, but can be positive with a magnitude from 0 to ∼10 km at night, with maximum positive trends occurring after midnight under solar minimum conditions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1592-1601
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Volume	71
Issue number	14-15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2009.03.006
State	Published - Oct 2009

Keywords

Composition (O/N)
Dynamical forcing
Greenhouse effect
Ionospheric trends
Photochemical forcing
Plasma transport

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10.1016/j.jastp.2009.03.006

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title = "The effect of carbon dioxide cooling on trends in the F2-layer ionosphere",

abstract = "The effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) cooling on trends of hmF2 and NmF2 are investigated using a coupled thermosphere and ionosphere general circulation model. Model simulations indicate that CO2 cooling not only causes contraction of the upper atmosphere and changes of neutral and ion composition but also changes dynamics and electrodynamics in the thermosphere/ionosphere. These changes determine the altitude dependence of ionospheric trends and complex latitudinal, longitudinal, diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle variations of trends of hmF2 and NmF2. Under the CO2 cooling effect, trends of NmF2 are negative with magnitude from 0\% to ∼-40\% for doubled CO2, depending on location, local time, season, and solar activity. The corresponding trends of hmF2 are mostly negative with a magnitude from 0 to -40 km, but can be positive with a magnitude from 0 to ∼10 km at night, with maximum positive trends occurring after midnight under solar minimum conditions.",

keywords = "Composition (O/N), Dynamical forcing, Greenhouse effect, Ionospheric trends, Photochemical forcing, Plasma transport",

author = "Liying Qian and Burns, \{Alan G.\} and Solomon, \{Stanley C.\} and Roble, \{Raymond G.\}",

year = "2009",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.jastp.2009.03.006",

language = "English",

volume = "71",

pages = "1592--1601",

journal = "Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics",

issn = "1364-6826",

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T1 - The effect of carbon dioxide cooling on trends in the F2-layer ionosphere

AU - Qian, Liying

AU - Burns, Alan G.

AU - Solomon, Stanley C.

AU - Roble, Raymond G.

PY - 2009/10

Y1 - 2009/10

N2 - The effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) cooling on trends of hmF2 and NmF2 are investigated using a coupled thermosphere and ionosphere general circulation model. Model simulations indicate that CO2 cooling not only causes contraction of the upper atmosphere and changes of neutral and ion composition but also changes dynamics and electrodynamics in the thermosphere/ionosphere. These changes determine the altitude dependence of ionospheric trends and complex latitudinal, longitudinal, diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle variations of trends of hmF2 and NmF2. Under the CO2 cooling effect, trends of NmF2 are negative with magnitude from 0% to ∼-40% for doubled CO2, depending on location, local time, season, and solar activity. The corresponding trends of hmF2 are mostly negative with a magnitude from 0 to -40 km, but can be positive with a magnitude from 0 to ∼10 km at night, with maximum positive trends occurring after midnight under solar minimum conditions.

AB - The effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) cooling on trends of hmF2 and NmF2 are investigated using a coupled thermosphere and ionosphere general circulation model. Model simulations indicate that CO2 cooling not only causes contraction of the upper atmosphere and changes of neutral and ion composition but also changes dynamics and electrodynamics in the thermosphere/ionosphere. These changes determine the altitude dependence of ionospheric trends and complex latitudinal, longitudinal, diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle variations of trends of hmF2 and NmF2. Under the CO2 cooling effect, trends of NmF2 are negative with magnitude from 0% to ∼-40% for doubled CO2, depending on location, local time, season, and solar activity. The corresponding trends of hmF2 are mostly negative with a magnitude from 0 to -40 km, but can be positive with a magnitude from 0 to ∼10 km at night, with maximum positive trends occurring after midnight under solar minimum conditions.

KW - Composition (O/N)

KW - Dynamical forcing

KW - Greenhouse effect

KW - Ionospheric trends

KW - Photochemical forcing

KW - Plasma transport

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/69249247059

U2 - 10.1016/j.jastp.2009.03.006

DO - 10.1016/j.jastp.2009.03.006

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:69249247059

SN - 1364-6826

VL - 71

SP - 1592

EP - 1601

JO - Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

JF - Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

IS - 14-15

ER -

The effect of carbon dioxide cooling on trends in the F2-layer ionosphere

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Keywords

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