The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0: 2. Model Description, Sensitivity Studies, and Tuning Strategies

M. Zhao; J. C. Golaz; I. M. Held; H. Guo; V. Balaji; R. Benson; J. H. Chen; X. Chen; L. J. Donner; J. P. Dunne; K. Dunne; J. Durachta; S. M. Fan; S. M. Freidenreich; S. T. Garner; P. Ginoux; L. M. Harris; L. W. Horowitz; J. P. Krasting; A. R. Langenhorst; Z. Liang; P. Lin; S. J. Lin; S. L. Malyshev; E. Mason; P. C.D. Milly; Y. Ming; V. Naik; F. Paulot; D. Paynter; P. Phillipps; A. Radhakrishnan; V. Ramaswamy; T. Robinson; D. Schwarzkopf; C. J. Seman; E. Shevliakova; Z. Shen; H. Shin; L. G. Silvers; J. R. Wilson; M. Winton; A. T. Wittenberg; B. Wyman; B. Xiang

doi:10.1002/2017MS001209

The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0: 2. Model Description, Sensitivity Studies, and Tuning Strategies

M. Zhao
, J. C. Golaz
, I. M. Held
, H. Guo
, V. Balaji
, R. Benson
, J. H. Chen
, X. Chen
, L. J. Donner
, J. P. Dunne
, K. Dunne
, J. Durachta
, S. M. Fan
, S. M. Freidenreich
, S. T. Garner
, P. Ginoux
, L. M. Harris
, L. W. Horowitz
, J. P. Krasting
, A. R. Langenhorst

Z. Liang, P. Lin, S. J. Lin, S. L. Malyshev, E. Mason, P. C.D. Milly, Y. Ming, V. Naik, F. Paulot, D. Paynter, P. Phillipps, A. Radhakrishnan, V. Ramaswamy, T. Robinson, D. Schwarzkopf, C. J. Seman, E. Shevliakova, Z. Shen, H. Shin, L. G. Silvers, J. R. Wilson, M. Winton, A. T. Wittenberg, B. Wyman, B. Xiang

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Lawrence Livermore Natl. Laboratory
UCAR/GFDL
Princeton University
United States Geological Survey
Engility Corporation/GFDL
NASA Ames Research Center

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

304 Scopus citations

Abstract

In Part 2 of this two-part paper, documentation is provided of key aspects of a version of the AM4.0/LM4.0 atmosphere/land model that will serve as a base for a new set of climate and Earth system models (CM4 and ESM4) under development at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). The quality of the simulation in AMIP (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project) mode has been provided in Part 1. Part 2 provides documentation of key components and some sensitivities to choices of model formulation and values of parameters, highlighting the convection parameterization and orographic gravity wave drag. The approach taken to tune the model's clouds to observations is a particular focal point. Care is taken to describe the extent to which aerosol effective forcing and Cess sensitivity have been tuned through the model development process, both of which are relevant to the ability of the model to simulate the evolution of temperatures over the last century when coupled to an ocean model.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	735-769
Number of pages	35
Journal	Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
Volume	10
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS001209
State	Published - Mar 2018

Keywords

atmospheric variability
climate simulation
cloud and aerosol effect
convection and clouds
global atmospheric model
global climate model development

Access to Document

10.1002/2017MS001209

Cite this

Zhao, M., Golaz, J. C., Held, I. M., Guo, H., Balaji, V., Benson, R., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Donner, L. J., Dunne, J. P., Dunne, K., Durachta, J., Fan, S. M., Freidenreich, S. M., Garner, S. T., Ginoux, P., Harris, L. M., Horowitz, L. W., Krasting, J. P., ... Xiang, B. (2018). The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0: 2. Model Description, Sensitivity Studies, and Tuning Strategies. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 10(3), 735-769. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS001209

@article{e4a6cfffed9344da976f4ab8501de033,

title = "The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0: 2. Model Description, Sensitivity Studies, and Tuning Strategies",

abstract = "In Part 2 of this two-part paper, documentation is provided of key aspects of a version of the AM4.0/LM4.0 atmosphere/land model that will serve as a base for a new set of climate and Earth system models (CM4 and ESM4) under development at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). The quality of the simulation in AMIP (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project) mode has been provided in Part 1. Part 2 provides documentation of key components and some sensitivities to choices of model formulation and values of parameters, highlighting the convection parameterization and orographic gravity wave drag. The approach taken to tune the model's clouds to observations is a particular focal point. Care is taken to describe the extent to which aerosol effective forcing and Cess sensitivity have been tuned through the model development process, both of which are relevant to the ability of the model to simulate the evolution of temperatures over the last century when coupled to an ocean model.",

keywords = "atmospheric variability, climate simulation, cloud and aerosol effect, convection and clouds, global atmospheric model, global climate model development",

author = "M. Zhao and Golaz, \{J. C.\} and Held, \{I. M.\} and H. Guo and V. Balaji and R. Benson and Chen, \{J. H.\} and X. Chen and Donner, \{L. J.\} and Dunne, \{J. P.\} and K. Dunne and J. Durachta and Fan, \{S. M.\} and Freidenreich, \{S. M.\} and Garner, \{S. T.\} and P. Ginoux and Harris, \{L. M.\} and Horowitz, \{L. W.\} and Krasting, \{J. P.\} and Langenhorst, \{A. R.\} and Z. Liang and P. Lin and Lin, \{S. J.\} and Malyshev, \{S. L.\} and E. Mason and Milly, \{P. C.D.\} and Y. Ming and V. Naik and F. Paulot and D. Paynter and P. Phillipps and A. Radhakrishnan and V. Ramaswamy and T. Robinson and D. Schwarzkopf and Seman, \{C. J.\} and E. Shevliakova and Z. Shen and H. Shin and Silvers, \{L. G.\} and Wilson, \{J. R.\} and M. Winton and Wittenberg, \{A. T.\} and B. Wyman and B. Xiang",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018. The Authors.",

year = "2018",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1002/2017MS001209",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

pages = "735--769",

journal = "Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems",

issn = "1942-2466",

publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",

number = "3",

}

Zhao, M, Golaz, JC, Held, IM, Guo, H, Balaji, V, Benson, R, Chen, JH, Chen, X, Donner, LJ, Dunne, JP, Dunne, K, Durachta, J, Fan, SM, Freidenreich, SM, Garner, ST, Ginoux, P, Harris, LM, Horowitz, LW, Krasting, JP, Langenhorst, AR, Liang, Z, Lin, P, Lin, SJ, Malyshev, SL, Mason, E, Milly, PCD, Ming, Y, Naik, V, Paulot, F, Paynter, D, Phillipps, P, Radhakrishnan, A, Ramaswamy, V, Robinson, T, Schwarzkopf, D, Seman, CJ, Shevliakova, E, Shen, Z, Shin, H, Silvers, LG, Wilson, JR, Winton, M, Wittenberg, AT, Wyman, B & Xiang, B 2018, 'The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0: 2. Model Description, Sensitivity Studies, and Tuning Strategies', Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 735-769. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS001209

TY - JOUR

T1 - The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0

T2 - 2. Model Description, Sensitivity Studies, and Tuning Strategies

AU - Zhao, M.

AU - Golaz, J. C.

AU - Held, I. M.

AU - Guo, H.

AU - Balaji, V.

AU - Benson, R.

AU - Chen, J. H.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Donner, L. J.

AU - Dunne, J. P.

AU - Dunne, K.

AU - Durachta, J.

AU - Fan, S. M.

AU - Freidenreich, S. M.

AU - Garner, S. T.

AU - Ginoux, P.

AU - Harris, L. M.

AU - Horowitz, L. W.

AU - Krasting, J. P.

AU - Langenhorst, A. R.

AU - Liang, Z.

AU - Lin, P.

AU - Lin, S. J.

AU - Malyshev, S. L.

AU - Mason, E.

AU - Milly, P. C.D.

AU - Ming, Y.

AU - Naik, V.

AU - Paulot, F.

AU - Paynter, D.

AU - Phillipps, P.

AU - Radhakrishnan, A.

AU - Ramaswamy, V.

AU - Robinson, T.

AU - Schwarzkopf, D.

AU - Seman, C. J.

AU - Shevliakova, E.

AU - Shen, Z.

AU - Shin, H.

AU - Silvers, L. G.

AU - Wilson, J. R.

AU - Winton, M.

AU - Wittenberg, A. T.

AU - Wyman, B.

AU - Xiang, B.

PY - 2018/3

Y1 - 2018/3

N2 - In Part 2 of this two-part paper, documentation is provided of key aspects of a version of the AM4.0/LM4.0 atmosphere/land model that will serve as a base for a new set of climate and Earth system models (CM4 and ESM4) under development at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). The quality of the simulation in AMIP (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project) mode has been provided in Part 1. Part 2 provides documentation of key components and some sensitivities to choices of model formulation and values of parameters, highlighting the convection parameterization and orographic gravity wave drag. The approach taken to tune the model's clouds to observations is a particular focal point. Care is taken to describe the extent to which aerosol effective forcing and Cess sensitivity have been tuned through the model development process, both of which are relevant to the ability of the model to simulate the evolution of temperatures over the last century when coupled to an ocean model.

AB - In Part 2 of this two-part paper, documentation is provided of key aspects of a version of the AM4.0/LM4.0 atmosphere/land model that will serve as a base for a new set of climate and Earth system models (CM4 and ESM4) under development at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). The quality of the simulation in AMIP (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project) mode has been provided in Part 1. Part 2 provides documentation of key components and some sensitivities to choices of model formulation and values of parameters, highlighting the convection parameterization and orographic gravity wave drag. The approach taken to tune the model's clouds to observations is a particular focal point. Care is taken to describe the extent to which aerosol effective forcing and Cess sensitivity have been tuned through the model development process, both of which are relevant to the ability of the model to simulate the evolution of temperatures over the last century when coupled to an ocean model.

KW - atmospheric variability

KW - climate simulation

KW - cloud and aerosol effect

KW - convection and clouds

KW - global atmospheric model

KW - global climate model development

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85045639367

U2 - 10.1002/2017MS001209

DO - 10.1002/2017MS001209

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85045639367

SN - 1942-2466

VL - 10

SP - 735

EP - 769

JO - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

JF - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

IS - 3

ER -

The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0: 2. Model Description, Sensitivity Studies, and Tuning Strategies

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Keywords

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